How to choose a nozzle for gas oil burner | Damatajhiz

Generally, for combustion in liquid-fueled burners, first, it is necessary to convert the fuel into a mixed powder with air to increase the fuel-oxygen contact carried out by the nozzle in liquid fuel burners.
One of the issues usually commonly faced by the plant's experts is the nozzle selection for gas-oil burners. (Especially given the importance of optimizing fuel consumption)

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The following three factors should be considered for the correct selection of gas oil burner nozzles

1. Gas oil flow rate (gallon number determined on each nozzle)
2. Gas oil spray angle (angle determined on each nozzle)
3. Gasoline spray form (letters B, H, S, ... specified on each nozzle)

Determining the flow rate of gas oil (gallon number determined on each nozzle)

Normally, suppose the thermal value per liter of gas oil is equal to 8,500 kilocalories and the volume of each gallon is 3.785 liters. In that case, Therefore, the thermal value of a gallon of gas oil is equivalent to Kcal 8500 * 3.785 = 32000 Kcal. According to the above, the nozzle number needed for 220000 kcal gas oil burners (so-called 5 to 7 burner) should be equal to 220000/32000=6.8 Us Gal While this number is usually announced to be Us Gal. 3.5 for the above burner. For example, for a torch of 600,000 kcal (two nozzles) should the total nozzle number be 600000/32000 = 18.75 G.P.H? While no torch company offers such a number for the above torch nozzle and the correct number is usually about 10 gallons. Why? To answer the above question, you should pay attention to two points:

• A) A reduction of 4% of the combustion efficiency per 300 m above sea level
• B) Theoretical Normal pressure of 7 bars and the actual pressure of the gas pump of each burner

In the case of row (A) in proportion to the increase in altitude from the sea level due to the decrease in the air density (concentration) and natural oxygen depletion in the air relative to the atmosphere at sea level, the combustion efficiency is reduced and consequently, there should be less fuel provided for the torch; otherwise, because of the lack of needed oxygen, combustion will be carried out with unburned fuel or smoke. On this basis for the city of Tehran, which is about 1500 m above sea level, the combustion efficiency is reduced by about 20% which means a 20% reduction in the amount of fuel consumed and the heat produced.
In the case of the row, it is necessary to mention this explanation the number of gallons written on each nozzle is based on the normal pressure of 7 bars. This means that the "orifice" of the nozzle at gas oil pressure of 7 bars passes the same amount of fuel as written But since the pressure of the gas oil pump is greater than 7 bars (according to the pump diagram), and at this higher pressure, the orifice of the nozzle passes through a higher volume of gas oil.
For example, in the case of a 220000 kcal torch, the pressure of the gasoline pump is usually 12 to 14 bars, which requires a smaller nozzle number to be selected.

Accordingly, selecting a Gallon number for each torch gas oil nozzle will first

• We first divide the heating capacity of the gas oil burner torch by 32000
• We adjust the above number according to the installation height of the torch from the sea level.

For example, in the case of a 220000 kcal torch, if the torch is supposed to be installed at a point in the country which is 1200 meters above sea level first we calculate the amount of fuel consumed in terms of sea level:

Then, considering that every 300 meters above sea level reduces the combustion efficiency of the torch by 4%

Now, using the following diagram and at the pressure of the diesel pump of 14 bars the correct nozzle number required for a torch of 220,000 Kcal / h installed 1200 m above sea level will be equivalent to a nozzle number of 3.5 or a nozzle 4.

The correct nozzle selection diagram at the pressure of the Gas oil Pump of the torch

Determining the gas oil spray angle (angle determined on the nozzle)

the spray angle in gas oil nozzles is determined according to the length of the boiler. meaning, if the length of the boiler or combustion chamber is high or the number of cast iron boilers blades is more than 10, then the 45 degrees nozzles and if the boiler is short, 60 or 80 degrees nozzles are used. Do not use 30 degrees nozzles for central heating boilers, except as recommended by the boiler manufacturer.

Determination of Gasoline spray form

As you can see in the figure below, dispensing form of gas oil varies according to the type of nozzle chosen and its type of use. Usually, when choosing nozzles, S or B shape-spraying nozzles are chosen. The gas oil spray form should be conical and have a filled and uniform base surface (S). H, B, etc., can only be used in cases where the manufacturer of the boiler or combustion heater has recommended it.

Attention: To prevent the entrance of particulate matter and impurities present in liquid fuels into the nozzles and, consequently, changing the amount, angle, and type of fuel spray or even the possible closure of the nozzle liquid nozzle diffusion orifice, it is necessary to install a fuel filter (gas oil filter for the gas oil fuel burner torches and Mazut filters for Mazut burner torches) before the entrance of the fuel into the nozzle.

You can also read the article GUIDE TO CHOOSING A BURNER for more information.

Final speech

The specialized collection (Damatajhiz) (the first and most reliable authority in the country in the field of building facilities equipment and all air conditioning devices), offers you all kinds of sand filters and hundreds of other products, guaranteeing the originality of the product, valid warranty, and reasonable price. In addition, if you have any questions about choosing and comparing the brands of this product, you can get free advice from the heating equipment experts.

In Iran, the first and most famous specialized group in the field of building installation equipment, air conditioners, and all equipment for swimming pools, saunas, and jacuzzis since 2004, DamaTajhiz is a specialized group. Refer to the time of this group. For more information, you can get advice from the experts of DamaTajhiz Engineering and Production Company by calling 021-88822550.

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