what is cooling tower

A cooling tower or cooling tower is a device that absorbs the heat of cooling water in industrial devices or air conditioning systems from the method of heat transfer with mass transfer (evaporation) and transfers it to the atmosphere. The cooling tower is generally divided into 2 main groups, in the rest of this article, the types of cooling towers, their structure, and specifications are discussed, stay with us.

Types of Cooling Towers

As mentioned, cooling towers are generally divided into two categories, which are as follows.

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Open circuit cooling tower

The reason why this type of cooling tower is called an open circuit is that the hot water that is pumped to cool the tower flows in an open space inside the tower and has direct contact with the atmospheric air because the water collides with the air. , a part of the water evaporates, it is also called an evaporative, wet, or wet cooling tower.
The water that is heated in a chiller or any other industrial system is sprayed from the top of the cooling tower on a bed called packing (the purpose of using packing is to create more time and a wide contact surface between water and air to transfer heat between these two should be done better),
On this bed, the air comes into direct contact with the hot water so that the heat of the hot water is transferred to the air. This system has a high cooling efficiency, but because part of the water evaporates, alternative water must be introduced into the system circuit, as a result, there is water consumption in this type of cooling tower.
The open-circuit cooling tower is divided into two types cubic and circular (round) in terms of body material, fiberglass and galvanized, and in terms of body shape. The following pictures show examples of cubic open circuit cooling towers and temperature equipment circuits.

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Components of an open circuit cooling tower

The main components of the open circuit cooling tower are:

• fan
• Electric motor
• packing
• Basin or pan (cooling water collection place at the bottom of the tower)
• Drip trap (installed between the packing and the fan and prevents water particles from leaving the top of the tower)
• Hot water distribution system at the top of the tower (pipes and water spray nozzles)

Closed circuit cooling tower

The reason for naming this type of cooling tower is that the hot water in a closed path without direct contact with the air gives its heat to the circulating water of the cooling tower and it is called a closed circuit tower. Therefore, in closed circuit cooling towers, the excess heat of the fluid that flows inside the pipes of this device is transferred to the water that flows on the coils through the walls of the pipes.

Components of a closed circuit cooling tower

The main components of the closed-circuit cooling tower are:

• fan
• Coil
• Hot fluid inlet to the coil tubes
• air intake
• Cooled fluid outlet

Final Speech

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