The implementation of a chiller in a building

A cool and silent pleasant breeze in the heat of summer along with a cooling engine room for the entire building is the image that comes to mind after hearing the word chiller and the use of chillers in the building. In this article, we will investigate the use of chillers in the building from the technical department of Damatajhiz.
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What is a chiller?

In simple words, a chiller is a large water cooler that produces water with a temperature of 8 degrees Celsius to cool building units. The mechanism of chillers is similar to refrigerators, which provide a cooling cycle by the compressor, evaporator, expansion valve, etc.
Of course, the performance of absorption chillers is different from compressor chillers, which we will not explain in this article.
Compression chillers are produced with scroll, screw, and centrifugal compressors, each of which has a different use.
Chillers transfer the coolness of this water to the units by circulator pumps with the help of an air conditioner and fan coil and cool the interior of the building.

Comparison of water-cooled and air-cooled chillers in the building

An air-cooled chiller is used in both wet and dry areas. The coefficient of performance of air chillers is about 3 and the coefficient of performance of water-cooled chillers is about 5. Therefore, the efficiency of water chillers is generally higher than air-cooled chillers. Water-cooled chillers require a cooling tower and their initial purchase price is lower than air-cooled chillers with the same brand and capacity. But on the other hand, it is easier to maintain air-cooled chillers, and, like water-cooled chillers, there is no water consumption in their cooling tower, and it is more recommended in dry areas with high water hardness.

What is the energy consumption efficiency of the chiller?

In air-cooled chillers, the efficiency or coefficient of performance (COP) is about 3. In water-cooled chillers, the efficiency or coefficient of performance increases to about 5. Maybe you have been asked how the performance factor of equipment can exceed 1, even though according to the laws of thermodynamics, the maximum efficiency of a system is 1 or 100% efficiency!
In the following, we will answer this question.
The chiller transfers heat from place to place it is an energy transferer and not an energy producer!
The refrigeration cycle transfers heat from the ventilated space to the space outside the building and cools the building with this method.

Application of chiller in winter season

In the type of air-cooled chillers, it is also possible to reverse the cycle. In fact, with the heat pump system in the winter, the refrigeration cycle is reversed and the function of the evaporator and condenser is shifted. The interior of the building can be heated with the help of a chiller. And therefore, heating the building with a chiller, compared to the electric coil, consumes one-third of the energy and is very economical. Although in our country, due to the low price of natural gas, heating of buildings is done with a boiler or boiler, the efficiency of which is about 0.7, in areas that do not have access to natural gas, heat pumps or air-cooled chillers are an excellent choice for hot and cold seasons. Is.

In addition, air chillers for the free cooling system can be used when the air outside is cool enough but the air inside the building is still warm (such as at the end of spring and the beginning of autumn) without using a compressor and its relatively high electricity consumption.

The difference between the chiller and the split in the building

From a scientific point of view, the chiller system and the split device have no significant difference and both of them consist of an internal unit for blowing cool air and one or more external units for placing the compressor and condenser, but with a close look at the refrigeration cycle, to compare the chiller And the split is characterized by many differences.
• Chillers are made in two categories, air-cooled and water-cooled, but splits are usually air-cooled.
• In the chiller device, the external unit (condenser and compressor) is common to the entire building, but in the split device, one or more external units are required for each unit and it occupies a lot of space.
• There is no limit to the distance between the external unit and the internal units in the chiller device, so for large buildings, piping can be done easily, and there is no need for fan coils and condensers to be close. But in common split doors, the distance between the external unit (condenser) and the internal unit can be a maximum of 15 to 20 meters.
• Free cooling capability or cooling without the use of a compressor for less electricity consumption in air-cooled chillers at times when the outside air is cool enough but the temperature inside the building is still warm, it is also possible to operate without turning on the compressor and consuming high electricity. It benefited.

You can also read the article THE BEST RESIDENTIAL CHILLER for more information.

Chiller design and installation standards

ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1, which is related to the American air conditioning standard, is the most comprehensive air conditioning standard regarding the types of chillers and their use in residential, commercial, administrative, and educational buildings.

The last word on the use of chillers in the building

A chiller is a cooling device that is produced with two air-cooled and water-cooled systems. The performance coefficient of water-cooled chillers is higher, but they are not applicable in cities with high relative humidity. The use of air-cooled chillers in the building in the winter season to heat the building is also practical. and can be used for areas that do not have access to city gas. Air-cooled chillers require less maintenance than water-cooled chillers and have a higher cost. DamaTajhiz is a specialized sales centre for all types of chillers and air conditioning equipment.

Looking forward to calling and am eager to meet you in the Specialized Collection of DamaTajhiz

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