Subcool in the condenser of the compression chiller

1. The possible entry of refrigerant vapor bubbles reduces the capacity of the chiller expansion valve and as a result, reduces the entry of the refrigerant liquid into the evaporator, so to prevent this, the refrigerant liquid is cooled in the condenser of the chiller to a temperature lower than the temperature of the objects.
Therefore, subcooling is necessary thing to ensure that no refrigerant gas bubbles enter the expansion valve of the chiller, and it consists in creating a difference in the temperature of the liquid refrigerant exiting the condenser with the saturation temperature of the refrigerant of the compression chiller.
2. When superheated refrigerant vapor with high temperature and pressure enters the condenser of the compression chiller, the condenser coil becomes hotter than the air around it. This temperature difference between the coil and the ambient air causes the heat to be transferred from the condenser coil to the surrounding air and the refrigerant vapor inside the condenser coil starts to cool down and reaches the saturation temperature state.
When the steam reaches the saturation temperature, the refrigerant distillation begins. The refrigerant gradually moves and reaches the end of the condenser coil and becomes completely liquid and all the latent heat and superheat of the refrigerant in the condenser of the air-cooled chiller and water-cooled chiller is transferred to the outside air. (although the liquid is still hotter than the air outside it).

Then the coolant starts to lose its sensible heat and its temperature drops. In this case, when the temperature of the liquid according to the pressure of the condenser is lower than the saturation temperature, it is said that the liquid refrigerant is subcooled (supercooled).
3. Subcooling actually cools the refrigerant below the saturation temperature. When the charging system is added, it causes the condenser to be completely filled with refrigerant, which reduces the capacity of the unit. This reduction in capacity is due to the increase in the time of the coolant in the system, which means more time for the coolant to cool.
4. The small temperature difference between normal and subcool conditions creates problems in accurate subcool measurement. If the blood pressure is higher than the normal limit, it is necessary to measure subcool. Excessive subcooling is always more evident at full load. In air conditioning systems, gas charging is determined by increasing the amount of refrigerant subcooling in the condenser.
In normal working conditions, this temperature difference is 4 to 7 degrees Celsius.

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3- Refrigerant superheat in the suction line of the compression chiller
4- Free cooling in air chillers

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