Unit heaters are heating devices in HVAC equipment, designed to warm large enclosed spaces such as sports halls, factories, and different types of warehouses. They are among the most effective and widely used heating equipment in such areas. A unit heater provides strong heating capacity and, using hot water or steam from a boiler room, can quickly heat large spaces like factory halls, workshops, or sports facilities.
This article will introduce you to unit heaters in more detail, such as their Components, Working Mechanism, Types, etc., and provide additional explanations about this heating device.
Components of a Unit Heater
Unit heaters are made of different materials. But to be brief, a unit heater consists of the following main components:
- Durable metal casing: for protection and structural strength.
- Heating coils: to transfer heat from hot water or steam to the air.
- Axial fan: to circulate warm air.
- Electric motor: to drive the fan.
Unit heaters are made of a metal casing, an electric motor, an axial fan, and multiple fins on the heating coil. Hot water flows through the coil, heating the tubes and fins. This process warms the air inside factories, workshops, and sports halls.
In other words, a fan placed behind the coils blows air rapidly through them. As the air passes by the heated coils, it warms up and spreads into the environment, effectively heating the desired space. As mentioned, these heaters are mainly used for heating large halls and warehouses.
How a Unit Heater Works
To produce hot water and heat the inside of halls and factories, boiler rooms are used. Boilers generate hot water or steam and transfer it through pipes to the unit heaters. Then, with the help of fans behind the coils, air passes quickly over the hot water or steam coils, heating up and warming the entire space, such as workshops, factories, or sports halls.
Today, this mechanism is also used for both heating and cooling. For example, fan coil units are widely used in offices, schools, universities, hospitals, and other facilities.
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Types of Unit Heaters and Their Features
Unit heaters are produced in various models, each designed for specific applications. What you visit in the following are some of the most frequently used types of unit heaters and their main features:
Hot Water Unit Heater
This type uses hot water as the heat source and is ideal for indoor spaces such as sports halls and factories. Key features include:
• Adjustable louvres: to control the direction of airflow.
• 220V single-phase power supply: suitable for many locations.
• Motor speed selection when ordering: for optimised performance (900RPM, 1400RPM).
Steam Unit Heater
Steam unit heaters use steam as the heat source, providing higher heating capacity, making them ideal for colder regions. Features include:
• High heating capacity: up to 520,000 BTU/hr.
• High steam pressure tolerance: suitable for large, cold spaces.
• Durable coils: made from seamless steel or copper for long life.
Electric Unit Heater
These models do not require a boiler room and use electric heating elements. They are suitable where hot water or steam systems are unavailable.
Ceiling-Mounted and Wall-Mounted Unit Heaters
Depending on installation, unit heaters are available in ceiling-mounted and wall-mounted models. Ceiling types save floor space, while wall-mounted types are easy to install in specific areas.
Key Factors in Choosing a Unit Heater
Choosing the right unit heater depends on several factors, which must be evaluated by experts:
- Space size: Larger spaces require higher-capacity units.
- Geographical location: The average annual temperature affects the required heating capacity.
- Heat source type: Choosing between hot water, steam, or electric depends on available facilities.
Unit Heater Capacity Estimating
For industrial spaces, usually between 250 and 400 BTU/hr per cubic meter of heating is needed. This depends on:
- Ceiling height: Higher ceilings require greater capacity.
- Insulation quality: Good insulation reduces heating demand.
- Air exchange rate: Spaces with constant ventilation need stronger units.
DamaTajhiz Hot Water and Steam Unit Heaters
Another key product offered by DamaTajhiz is the hot water and steam unit heater. Steam unit heaters deliver higher heating capacity and coil pressure compared to hot water types, making them better suited for colder regions. These DamaTajhiz unit heaters can heat closed spaces like sports halls, warehouses, and factories in a short time. Their heating capacity ranges from about 38,000 to 520,000 BTU/hr.
The dimensions of DamaTajhiz hot water and steam unit heaters are similar across models, and inlet/outlet pipe sizes are often the same. The main difference is the heat source: hot water from a boiler is used for hot water units, while steam is used for steam units. Since steam transfers more thermal energy to coils, steam units provide higher heating capacity.
Furthermore, as steam pressure increases, heating output also rises. For example, when steam pressure increases from 5 PSI to 90 PSI, heating capacity can grow from 360,000 to 549,000 BTU/hr, making these heaters suitable for freezing environments.
Steam unit heaters are ideal for heating very large spaces. They are made from high-quality materials, with coils typically constructed from seamless steel or copper, ensuring high pressure and temperature resistance. Motors are usually single-phase or industrial-grade, and the casings are made with adequate thickness for durability.
In addition to the above-mentioned models, DamaTajhiz also supplies other types of unit heaters from leading HVAC brands. For more information about available models, visit the DamaTajhiz website.
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Everything about Unit Heaters at a Glance
You've just read everything about unit heaters, from their types, components, capacity calculation, etc. Today, many companies manufacture hot water and steam unit heaters. The models with higher quality, reasonable prices, faster delivery, and better warranties attract more customers and contractors. Unit heaters are among the most efficient heating systems for large spaces. Choosing a reliable brand like DamaTajhiz ensures optimal heating and cost savings. For more details and free consultation, contact DamaTajhiz experts via WhatsApp or a phone call.
You can order any HVAC and MEP products, including different types of air washers, cooling towers, air handling units, chillers, industrial evaporative coolers, air curtains, burners, cast-iron or steel boilers, heat exchangers, gas heaters, unit heaters, circulation pumps, sand filters, water and fuel storage tanks, and more, from countries such as the UAE, Armenia, Tajikistan, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Oman, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, and others across Asia, the Middle East, and Europe, and have them delivered to your city in the shortest possible time.
For more information, including a free professional consultation, please contact DamaTajhiz Engineering & Manufacturing Company experts at: +98-930-288-0251. For convenience, you can also click the WhatsApp button to send a text or voice message and receive guidance and advice directly via WhatsApp.
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