Air conditioners are part of HVAC in building MEP that cool spaces using the vapor-compression refrigeration cycle. In this process, the refrigerant gas circulating in the system is compressed by the compressor and condensed into a liquid, which is then sent to the evaporator (the indoor unit). There, the refrigerant liquid absorbs heat from the surroundings, causing its temperature to rise and it to vaporize again. The refrigerant gas is then directed back to the compressor to be compressed again, removing heat from the space and ultimately cooling the interior. After startup, the refrigerant liquid enters the evaporator (the indoor unit) of the air conditioner or split system, causing the evaporator to cool and reducing the temperature of the air discharged from the panel to 16 °C. As a result, moisture in the air condenses on the surface of the evaporator (the indoor panel) of the air conditioner/split, and the condensate exits as liquid through the drain tube (drain).
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Air conditioners help maintain a cool, comfortable indoor environment during hot weather. Occasionally, the condensate water from an air conditioner or split unit may, due to a technical fault, deviate from its normal path and escape through an opening in the indoor panel. In such cases, people may ask What is that water coming out of AC? Or why is water coming from AC indoor unit? Or where does this leakage originate?
Below are the main causes that can divert the normal drain path of the condensate:
Blocked Drain Pan Outlet
Condensed water formed by moisture collecting on the cold coil of the evaporator is directed outside through the drain pan outlet. Sometimes, dust accumulation, lint, or debris blocks this outlet. In this situation, the water overflows instead of draining through the proper path and leaks from the indoor panel. Carefully opening the indoor panel and cleaning this outlet can resolve the problem.
Incorrect Placement or Slope of the Drain Pipe
The slope and placement of the drain pipe are important. Bending, kinking, or installing the pipe with a reverse slope prevents the water from flowing freely and can result in overflow. Proper installation of the drain pipe and ensuring there are no obstructions can prevent this issue.
Freezing of the Evaporator Coils
Low refrigerant charge, a clogged air filter, or difficulties with airflow can cause the evaporator coils to freeze. When the ice melts, a large volume of water can enter the drain pan at once, potentially exceeding its capacity and causing leakage from the indoor panel. Regular servicing and checking the refrigerant charge can prevent this condition.
Cracked or Displaced Drain Pan
The condensate collection pan located beneath the evaporator coil may crack or become displaced due to impact, pressure, or wear. In such cases, the water is not properly directed into the drain pipe and leaks from other parts of the unit. Inspecting the pan and replacing it when necessary is essential to fix the difficulty.
Improperly Leveled Indoor Unit
If the indoor unit is installed even slightly out of level, the natural drainage path is disrupted, and some water may escape externally. Ensuring the indoor unit is level during installation or service prevents this issue.
Causes of Water Drops from Split AC’s Indoor Unit in Brief
Leakage of condensate from air conditioners and split units may stem from different causes. If leakage persists, it can damage walls and cause plaster to deteriorate. Observing the measures mentioned above will largely reduce the likelihood of condensate escaping the panel via unintended paths.
You now know that water leakage from the indoor panel of an air conditioner can have various causes. If you observe such an occurrence, it is advisable to consult a skilled and experienced service technician to resolve the issue.
Important Note: One factor that can impair the proper operation of air conditioners is a clogged air filter in the indoor unit. Washing the air filter annually improves the unit’s performance and cooling efficiency. Regular, periodic cleaning of the air filter in air conditioners and split systems is crucial for optimal operation, enhanced cooling efficiency, and improved indoor air quality and health.
The DamaTajhiz specialized group (the first and most reputable reference for purchasing building installations and all HVAC devices, since 2004, and holding three valid business licenses) offers a variety of air conditioners and thousands of other products with guaranteed authenticity, valid warranty, and competitive prices. For more information, don't hesitate to get in touch with DamaTajhiz experts by phone: 88822550-021.
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